Uchi Mata - Viref - Universidad De Antioquia
Kepler et al. (2017) provided the most complete taxonomic treatment of Cordycipitaceae and harmonized competing names based on principles of priority, recognition of monophyletic groups, and the practical usage of affected taxa, following Article 59 of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants. They proposed to accommodate 11 genera within Cordycipitaceae, namely Akanthomyces, Ascopolyporus Möller, Beauveria, Blackwellomyces Spatafora & Luangsa-ard, Cordyceps, Engyodontium de Hoog, Gibellula, Hyperdermium J.F. White et al., Hevansia Luangsa-ard et al., Parengyodontium C.C. Tsang et al. and Simplicillium W. Gams & Zare. The other eight genera Evlachovaea, Granulomanus de Hoog & Samson, Isaria, Lecanicillium, Microhilum, Phytocordyceps C.H. Su & H.H. Wang, Synsterigmatocystis Costantin and Torrubiella were rejected. The genus Leptobacillium Zare & W. Gams, recently described with L. leptobactrum (W. Gams) Zare & W. Gams and two related new varieties, was added to the family Cordycipitaceae, presenting a sister generic relationship with Simplicillium (Zare and Gams 2016). The genus Amphichorda Fr. was established by Fries (1825) and comprised only one species, Amp. felina (DC.) Fr., which was later recombined into B. felina (DC.) J.W. Carmich. Recently, Zhang et al. (2017) described a species Amp. guana Z.F. Zhang, F. Liu & L. Cai on bat guano in this genus based on multigene phylogeny and morphology. Subsequently, Mongkolsamrit et al. (2018) erected the genus Samsoniella Mongkols et al. to accommodate three species with orange cylindrical to clavate stromata, superficial perithecia and orange conidiophores with Isaria-like phialides and white to cream conidia, and to segregate them from the Akanthomyces group. Although several taxonomic studies have been conducted, many species originally described in Lecanicillium remain incertae sedis members in the family Cordycipitaceae and are polyphyletic (Zare and Gams 2016; Kepler et al. 2017; Mongkolsamrit et al. 2018). To date, 32 Lecanicillium species have been formally described and recorded in the Index Fungorum ( ). Available data indicated that some species, such as L. aranearum (Petch) Zare & W. Gams, L. antillanum (R.F. Castañeda & G.R.W. Arnold) Zare & W. Gams, L. primulinum Kaifuchi et al. and L. psalliotae (Treschew) Zare & W. Gams represent basal to subbasal monophyletic clades in the family Cordycipitaceae (Kepler et al. 2017; Huang et al. 2018; Zhou et al. 2018). Therefore, new generic names for these species in the family Cordycipitaceae need to be introduced and supported by more detailed morphological and phylogenetic evidence combined with a larger taxon sampling.
uchi mata - Viref - Universidad de Antioquia
Notes: Five-gene phylogenetic analyses show that L. acerosum, L. primulinum, Lecanicillium sp. and our samples (YHH 15428, YFCC 6101) group together, in a monophyletic clade in the family Cordycipitaceae (Fig. 1, 2). This L. primulinum clade is clustered in the subbasal portion of phylogenetic tree within Cordycipitaceae and has a close phylogenetic relationship with Engyodontium and Parengyodontium, but forms a distinct lineage. ML and BI phylogenetic analyses based on ITS sequences from 30 taxa in Lecanicillium and Simplicillium show that the Lecanicillium group is polyphyletic and consists of eight monophyletic clades (Fig. 3). The L. primulinum clade includes L. acerosum, L. primulinum, Lecanicillium sp., L. subprimulinum and one new species with yellowish stromata (Fig. 3). This result is also supported by the previous phylogenetic analyses of Lecanicillium species from a combined nrSSU, nrLSU, tef-1 and ITS sequence dataset (Huang et al. 2018). In this clade, L. acerosum was first described by its distinguishing morphological characteristics producing the large straight macroconidia (Zare and Gams 2001). Recently, two species (L. primulinum and L. subprimulinum) producing pastel yellow pigment were added, which were respectively isolated from soil and an ophioceras-like taxon on the dead submerged wood (Kaifuchi et al. 2013; Huang et al. 2018).
The genus Flavocillium was erected to accommodate F. bifurcatum, F. acerosium, F. primulinium, and F. subprimulinium. Even though Flavocillium is morphologically similar to other Lecanicillium species in conidiophores, phialides and two types of conidia, the genus is sufficiently distinct by possessing yellowish stromata with a furcate terminal branch, contorted fertile parts, and colonies that usually produce pastel yellow pigment (Zare and Gams 2001; Kaifuchi et al. 2013; Huang et al. 2018; Su et al. 2019). In addition, Flavocillium is distinguished from phylogenetically close relatives Engyodontium and Parengyodontium because the latter two genera usually produce white colonies, conidiiferous rachids with denticles on phialides, and terminal fertile regions that are zigzag-shaped (Gams et al. 1984; Tsang et al. 2016). Liangia is established for the new species Lia. sinensis isolated from the cordycipitoid fungus B. yunnanensis. Liangia is more closely related to C. piperis and L. psalliotae clades in the five-gene phylogenetic analyses. However, this genus differs morphologically from C. piperis that produces the Verticillium-like anamorph with verticillate conidiophores and phialides, subcylindrical conidia aggregating into heads and conjoined polyhedral crystals (Bischoff and White 2004). Liangia is similar to L. psalliotae in sharing the Lecanicillium-like asexual morph, but it differs from the latter that produces erect conidiophores, relatively short verticillate phialides, short-ellipsoidal conidia formed in heads and octahedral crystals (Zare and Gams 2001). The new genera Flavocillium and Liangia can be distinguished from each other by having distinct morphological characteristics and phylogenetic positions. 041b061a72